Multicultural Pedagogy in Higher Education - 3583 Words

Running Head: MULTICULTURAL PEDAGOGY Multicultural Pedagogy in Higher Education Multicultural Pedagogy in Higher Education There is a difference between teaching a course in which multiculturalism is the focus and incorporating an underlying multicultural, inclusive perspective into the classroom environment. Given that â€Å"there is no universal construction of a multiculturalism course that is perfect for achieving all goals for all students† (Henry, 2003, p. 26), finding a way to build a multicultural foundation for courses across the disciplines may be a better aim for faculty in higher education institutions. Multiculturalism is a concept that cannot be ignored in today’s society. It is real, it is related to the globalization of†¦show more content†¦Also relative to multicultural pedagogy are the actions that instructors take to display their awareness and competency in multiculturalism. If the goal is to support confident, inclusive, ethical students, then educators must exert similar qualities. In fact, Pang (1994) goes so far as to say that â€Å"modeling is the most powerful strategy in teaching† (p. 89). Conveying a similar message, one of Allen’s (2000) participants states that instructors must not impose their own values on students, but must be models for how to live ethically in today’s society. One of the ways to model multicultural competency is by using inclusive language. An example of this is not separating cultures by saying â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† when discussing different ethnicities or different cultural groups (Nagy, 2000). Multiculturally-oriented faculty should display inclusive and openness to helping all students. â€Å"College students who perceive their professors to be highly supportive of questioning are more likely to be motivated internally and to use strategies typical of self-directed learners† (Locke Kiselica, 1999, p. 82). Encouraging and supporting questions in the classroom are essential qualities for faculty members to have if the y are striving to create a safe environment in which students can learn. Also note that feedback addressing student progress is crucialShow MoreRelatedEthnocentric Education1811 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents alternatives to the white hegemonic pedagogy (Buchanan, Fox, Eckes, Basford, 2012). The same model would work wonderfully in Canada, where multiculturalism is more entrenched and welcomed. Target populations in Canada for ethnocentric education would be African-Canadian, Native Canadian, and Asian Canadian. Ethnocentric education, also known as culturally appropriate education, is not a monolithic pedagogical model. In fact, ethnocentric education can entail demographically mixed schools withRead MoreThe Alternative Teacher Preparation Program1662 Words   |  7 Pagesmany school districts in rural and urban areas with teachers. The founder, Wendy Kopp, does not have a background in education, but gained her interest in the profession after hearing about the national teacher shortage and the issue of uncertified teachers in urban and rural areas. While Kopp was conducting research for her thesis, she contacted the director of the National Education Association with her idea, and the director thought it was interesting, but said it would only be effective if theRead MoreLessons Plans Promoting a Diverse Learning Environment974 Words   |  4 Pages With the concept of multicultural education programs becoming more popular, educators are seeking new ways to present diversity into their school community, classrooms, and lesson plans. According to Birkel (2000), multicultural education is, first of all, education concerned with the teaching/learning processes and the acceptance and appreciation of diversity. Culturally relevant teaching practices give students the opportunity to learn in ways that are affirming, validating, and connectedRead MoreImportant Elements Of Teaching Towards Understanding Cultural Identity1286 Words   |  6 PagesSuch tokeni stic multicultural practices in the classroom essentialises ethnicity in the classroom as the singular determinant of an individual’s identity, rather than one of a many contributing factors (watkins, 2015) this is why teaching of multicultural units of work do not provide for a sense of belonging and inclusion for all. Intercultural understanding seek a much broader engagement inclusive of a diverse range of cultures through high quality civics and citizenship education which is fundamentallyRead MoreThe Theory Of Self Efficacy1645 Words   |  7 Pagesoften influences the teachers willingness to implement new instruction in the classroom. Research also suggests that teachers with high self-efficacy tend to be more effective in the classroom and helping students especially minority students achieve higher. In this article, the authors suggest that using self-efficacy building activities to build self-esteem in African American students. The general belief suggested activities is that preparing teachers should strive to development competence and confidenceRead MoreWhat Are Teachers, Educators, And Educators Preparing For This Change?1483 Words   |  6 PagesChange represents a continuous awareness on one’s self and the environment. It’s no surprise that the classroom, in terms of education, is becoming more diverse every school year, while teaching and instructional practices remain the same. In fact, Ladson-Billings states in an educational article that â€Å"it has become commonplace to point out that while the US teaching force is increasingly white, middle-class, and female, the nation’s PK-12 student population is growing significantly more diverse†Read MoreEducating Through A Multicultural Perspective Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesEducating Through a Multicultural Perspective What the Research Says? Defining Multicultural Education The United States serves as a culturally rich country who opens its arms to individuals from many different ethnicities, backgrounds, and life experiences. It seeks to be the melting pot of a blended group of people, providing opportunity and equity for all. Consequently, our educational system is the cornerstone for providing equal opportunity for all persons. Therefore, as the United States continuesRead MoreWhat It Takes For English Learners?928 Words   |  4 Pagesin English. To clarify, the authors use access, climate, expectations, and language instruction as the practices that will eliminate education inequality and enable students to be able to fully participate in rigorous course work without excluding English Learners. Ultimately this provides an approachable school reform, creates additive integration of multicultural perspective and approach and lastly brings a way for language diversity to be seen in the classroom. The four effective practices areRead MoreThe Diversity Of The Australian Curriculum972 Words   |  4 PagesAll students in education come from different backgrounds. Australia is a diverse, multicultural country with 44% of Australians born overseas or have one parent born overseas, Lawrence, Brooker, Goodnow, (2012, p. 75). Its diverse population is manifested in students who bring to class their ‘virtual bags,’ (Thomson, 2002), full of different cultures, languages, religious practices, value systems and customs which may alienate them from the dominant culture. Educators must create educational environmentsRead MoreNew Cultural Knowledge And Understandings974 Words   |  4 Pagesstereotypes and racism that he constantly heard and received from his elementary school till now. In James Cherry A. Banks text Multicultural Education Issues and Perspectives, Banks discusses that school reformation should be antiracist and antibias and having an antiracist and antibias perspective is at the core of multicultural education, â€Å"many people find that multicultural education automatically takes care of racism, but that is far from reality† (James Cherry A. Banks, p.316). Michal discussed many

A Guide to Solstices and Equinoxes

Solstices and equinoxes are interesting terms that show up each year on our calendars. They are related to astronomy and the motions of our planet. Most people think of them as the start of a season. Thats true as far as a date on a calendar is concerned, but they dont necessarily predict climate or weather. The terms solstice and equinox are related to specific positions of the Suns in the sky throughout the year. Of course, the Sun doesnt move through our sky. But, it appears to move because Earth is turning on its axis, like a merry-go-round. People on a merry-go-round see people appear to move around them, but its really the ride thats moving. Its the same with Earth. As the planet spins around, people see the Sun appear to rise in the east and set in the west.  The Moon, planets,  and stars all appear to do the same thing, for the same reason.   Precessional movement of Earths pole. Earth turns on its axis once a day (shown by the white arrows). The axis is indicated by the red lines coming out the top and bottom poles. The white line is the imaginary line the pole traces out as Earth wobbles on its axis. NASA Earth Observatory adaptation How Are Solstices and Equinoxes Determined?   Watch the sunrise and sunset each day (and remember never to look directly AT our hot, bright Sun), and notice its rise and set points change throughout the year. Notice also that the Suns position in the sky at noon is farther north at some times of year and more southerly at other times. The sunrise, sunset, and zenith points slide slowly to the north from December 21-22 to June 20-21 each year. Then, they appear to pause before starting the slow daily slide toward the south, from June 20-21st (the northernmost point) to December 21-22 (the southernmost point). Those stopping points are called the solstices (from the Latin  sol,  which means sun, and sistere,  which means stand still). These terms stem back to a time when early observers had no knowledge of Earths motions in space but did notice that the Sun appeared to stand still at its northernmost and southernmost points, before resuming its apparent motion south and north (respectively). Solstices Summer solstice is the longest day of the year for each hemisphere. For northern hemisphere observers, the June solstice (the 20th or 21st), marks the beginning of summer. In the southern hemisphere, thats the shortest day of the year and marks the beginning of winter. Six months later, on December 21st or 22nd, winter begins with the shortest day of the year for northern hemisphere people. Its the start of summer and the longest day of the year for people south of the equator. This is why such solstices are now called the December and June solstices, rather than winter or summer solstices. It recognizes that the seasons for each hemisphere correspond to north or south location.   The Greek astronomer Hipparchus was the first to discover and chart the equinoxes. Getty Images   Equinoxes Equinoxes are also connected to this slow change of apparent solar position. The term equinox comes from two Latin words aequus (equal) and nox (night). The Sun rises and sets exactly due east and due west on the equinoxes, and day and night are of equal length. In the northern hemisphere, the March equinox marks the first day of spring, while its the first day of autumn in the southern hemisphere. The September equinox is the first day of fall in the north and the first day of spring in the south.   So, the solstices and equinoxes are important calendar points that come to us from the apparent position of the Sun in our sky. They are also intimately connected to the seasons but are not the sole reason why we have seasons. The reasons for the seasons  are linked to Earths tilt and its position as it orbits the Sun.   Observing the Solstices and Equinoxes Charting the moments of solstice and equinox is a year-long observation project. Take a moment each day to observe the sky; notice sunrise or sunset and mark where those occur along your horizon. After a few weeks, its very easy to note a  very distinct shift of the positions north or south. Check out the appearance points of sunrise and sunset against the printed calendar and see how close they come to matching. Its a great long-term science activity for anyone to do, and has been the subject of more than a few science fair projects!   While the original ideas about solstices and equinoxes hark back to a time in human history when sky observers had no way of knowing about our planets motions in space, they still mark important dates that give people clues about the change of seasons. Today, ancient astronomical markers such as Stonehenge remind us that people have been looking to the sky, and measuring its motions, since the dawn of human history.

Essay On Duke Ellington - 1506 Words

Duke Ellington: 1899-1974 Edward â€Å"Duke† Kennedy Ellington was born April 29, 1899 in Washington, D.C. Duke Ellington was born into a typical family with average income and growing up, the future musician was home-schooled by his parents. His father James Edward Ellington and mother Daisy Kennedy Ellington were both pianist. His father played operatic arias while parlor songs were his mother’s first choice. It is an interesting fact that Duke is not actually Ellington’s name, but it is only his nickname, which children gave him when he was a little boy for his aristocratic manners and the ability to dress elegant things. When Duke was seven years old, he began his piano training and took lessons from Marietta Clinkscales. (Ruhlmann) Duke†¦show more content†¦Ellington’s band thrived and played all throughout Washington and Virginia, usually playing for embassy and private parties. His band included Sonny Greer on drums, his childhood friend Otto Hardwick on alto saxophone, Elmer Snowden on banjo and Arthur Whetsol on trumpet. The group performed for both African-American and white audiences which was quite rare in those times. When Ellington’s drummer Sonny Greer joined the Wilber Sweatman Orchestra in New York City, he decided to leave behind his successful career in Washington, D.C and moved to Harlem. Shortly after his move to Harlem, in May of 1927, Andy Preer who had been leading the house band at the Cotton Club died. In looking for a replacement, the gig went to Duke Ellington and his men. The clubs decor was modelled after the old south of plantations and slavery, hence the name the â€Å"Cotton Club†. The club was segregated, meaning only whites were allowed in the audience, while all the waiters and entertainers were African American. What made Duke Ellington and his Cotton Club Orchestra famous were the weekly broadcasts on radio station WHN. (Cotton) These broadcasts were heard all over the country and gave Ellington national exposure. With the Great Depression worsening, the recording industry too was hit by the financial crisis and that resulted into dropping of over 90% of artist by the year 1933. (Ruhlmann) In the case ofShow MoreRelatedDuke Ellington Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesDuke Ellington Duke Ellingtons pre-eminence in jazz is not only because of the very high aesthetic standard of his output and not simply due to his remarkable abilities as a pianist, composer and bandleader, but also to the fact that he has extended the boundaries of jazz more than any other musician, without abandoning the true essence of the music. Perhaps no other American musician left such a massive and challenging legacy in composition and performance. Edward Kennedy Duke EllingtonRead MoreDuke Ellington Essay746 Words   |  3 PagesDuke Elington Duke Ellington was an American jazz bandleader, composer, and pianist. He is thought of as one the greatest figures in jazz. The French government honored him with their highest award, the Legion of Honor, while the government of the United States awarded him with the highest civil honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He played for the royalty and for the common people and by the end of his fifty-year career, he had played over 20,000 performances worldwide. HeRead MoreDuke Ellington Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesDuke Ellington The Harlem Renaissance was an era full of life, excitement, and activity. The world in all aspects was in gradual recovery from the depression. The world of music was expanding, sharing it’s enthusiasm throughout the world. The evolution of jazz aroused the curiosity of the nation. As Blacks received their freedom, they were able to express themselves as talented individuals. Certain blacks contributed immensely to the era of jazz, for example, Duke Ellington. Ellington enteredRead More Duke Ellington: An American Legacy Essays1818 Words   |  8 Pages Duke Ellington: An American Legacy nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Where would music be had it not been for the men that stepped before him. The Motzarts and Beethovens, who wrote the music that today is known as the classics. These men were naturals in their own right, but these people wrote their music in the 17th and 18th century. Many people dont realize all of the changes that music had to go through between that period of music and the present day. One such musician stands alone at the topRead MoreEssay on A Portrait Of Duke Ellington By Tracy Frech1748 Words   |  7 PagesPortrait of Duke Ellington By Tracy Frech Duke Ellington is considered to be one of the greatest figures in the history of American music. Edward Kennedy quot;Dukequot; Ellington was born in Washington D.C. on April 29, 1899. His parents were James Edward and Daisy Kennedy Ellington. They raised Duke as an only child, until his sister, Ruth, was born when Duke was sixteen years old. Duke, even as a teenager, had a great talent for music. In the beginning of his musical life, Duke began to takeRead MoreEssay on A Portrait of Duke Ellington by Tracy Frech1779 Words   |  8 PagesA Portrait of Duke Ellington By Tracy Frech Duke Ellington is considered to be one of the greatest figures in the history of American music. Edward Kennedy Duke Ellington was born in Washington D.C. on April 29, 1899. His parents were James Edward and Daisy Kennedy Ellington. They raised Duke as an only child, until his sister, Ruth, was born when Duke was sixteen years old. Duke, even as a teenager, had a great talent for music. In the beginning of his musical life, Duke began to take a promisingRead MoreThe Critical Impacts Of The Harlem Renaissance1066 Words   |  5 PagesNatives crosswise over America appreciate hearing the stories of the difficulties in the newest era and how they overwhelmed these. Jazz was the most persuasive sort of music all through the Harlem Renaissance. Acclaimed performers, for example, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, and Bessie Smith massively affected the part of Jazz right up til the present time. As expressed in The New York Times, 1922, it seems these African Americans were living to the beat jazz in their own Little Africa. The classRead MoreHarlem Renaissance : A Cultural, Social, And Artistic Explosion840 Words   |  4 Pagessculptures, and songs. Some of the great writers were Langston Hughes, Zora Neal Houston, and Countee Cullen. Some of the great artists were Jacob Lawrence, Aaron Douglas, and Lois Mailou Jones. Some of the great musicians were Louie Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and James Weldon Johnson. Langston Hughes is one of the most known writers of the Harlem Renaissance. He was born February 1, 1902. When Langston was still a child he moved to Lincoln, Illinois. Langston began writing poetry in Lincoln. AccordingRead MoreJazz, By Louis Armstrong2718 Words   |  11 Pagesperformer were the emotion, beauty, and technical mastery he brought to each performance, and he knew how to please an audience. Performing jazz was a personal and powerful experience to him, and it was communicated effectively to his audience. Duke Ellington is quoted as calling him a â€Å"truly good and original man,† and his contributions to jazz music reflect that statement. Prior to Armstrong’s involvement, jazz was considered an urban folk music that was closely related to ragtime and militaryRead MoreThe Influence Of The Harlem Renaissance1912 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican American acts, such as singers like Ethel Waters. Dancers, like Clayton Peg Leg Bates performed. Some really famous names, such as Duke Ellington and Cab Calloway performed there, with their bands, as well. Although all the acts were performed by African Americans, whites were the only ones originally admitted into the Cotton Club as. However, Duke Ellington eventually persuaded the club to allow African Americans to be admitted. They filled up the seats in the back of the club. Regardless, the

Strategic Information System Citizens Gas Company

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System for Citizens Gas Company. Answer: Introduction and Overview of the report The term market implies exchange of products and services from buyers to sellers in terms of money. There are many types of industries associated with different products and services and different organizations have different competitive and financial policy based on its work portfolio management. In the sector of oil and gas industries, the change in demand and supply of customer affects an entire spectrum of market; which led the company management to face a huge loss criterion. Based on the concept of gas industry, this assignment has reflected below. In the discussion criteria of CGSs new system the researcher has explained in depth the concept of need for market information, accuracy, use of frequency, requirements of turnaround, support, data environment processing and benefit of cost analysis with respect to an organizational management. Whereas, in identification and incorporation of data of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) system the researcher has manipulated the concept of numbe r of customers, data of weather, factors of heating, forecasting of sales, unit demand of the customer, structure of customer rate, terms of suppliers contract, capacity of storage field and system of priority with respect to company management. The researcher has discussed the overview of the report in the first few stanzas; whereas the identification of the information that must be integrate into company new system to provide appropriate capability of planning and the criteria to consider in specifying the structure and features of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system has been sorely explained below it necessary diagram and figures. Overview of the report In the present scenario of the case study, the company name Citizens Gas Company provides the service of natural gas to more than two lac customers. In these company segments, the customer base is divided into three general sectors which comprises of residential, commercial and industrial with its different source of revenue; whereas each segments of customers are defined into different levels of comparison. For instance, the usage of residential customer is highly parallel with the climate conditions; the traditional consumer usage is duly climate dependent; while the use of industrial customer is generalized into certain organization factors. The organization management purchase natural gas from nearly ten pipeline industries with contract tenure of ten to fifteen years. The supply chain management totally depends upon the weathering conditions. The company management uses the amount of contract as the volume of the gas specified in the agreement. The company is working very strong ly to maintain the demands and supply with different segments of customers in the market. The company uses its service portfolio based on the curtail service. In recent years, the company is not being able to control the supply to establish the long term contracts. The customer demand is totally dependent to a number of customers. To overcome the issue; the company hired a director of corporate planning to make the systemization in monthly gas plan during the year; and increase the operating incomes of a company management. Discussion of criteria to consider the specified features and structures of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system In context to the relevant case study provided on Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system, there are various ways to consider the specified features which generally include the following: need for market information, accuracy, and use of frequency, requirements of turnaround, support, data environment processing and benefit of cost analysis (Arvidsson, Holmstrom and Lyytinen 2014). Requirement for information of market: The factors of core strategy that may affect the supply and demand for the organizational management must be unique; their crucial importance must be taken into consideration and the effect of the quantity must be equally quantified. Accuracy: The level of accuracy that is needed for the system mainly determines the required detail level, input data quantity, and the standardisation of the scheme logic (Osterle 2013). While the scheme should be systematically manipulated and designed to issue the match accuracy that is sorely need and sudden care should be taken to manipulate the maximum effort that is not spent in specified areas; when the entire accuracy is minimum to the planning of the environment (Liu and Wang 2014). Use of frequency: The system of frequency must provide the certain directions to the level of sophistication and automation that is required. If the scheme is to be used once in a month to articulate the effort of the latest data; it must be adequate to establish a minimum standardisation system (Burgelman 2012). If it contains varieties of alternatives evaluation then the concept of online system is more efficient and desirable. Figure 1: Structure of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system (Source: Chen, Ye and Yi 2013, pp-638) Requirements of turnaround: The requirements of timely and scheduled meetings must be reporting in monthly basis to provide guidance to the degree of level of complexity and automation that will be appropriate (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). The reason behind this is that the scheme must be used for the purpose of multi planning tactical and multiyear planning; the system should be manipulated and designed for providing fast results turnaround at the end of the month (Turner 2014). Apart from these, certain considerations must be taken for minimising the requirements of data input. Benefit of cost analysis: The adoption and the implementation of a new system in an organizational management must be justified based on a cost benefit analysis (Rothaermel 2015). Data environment processing: Now-a-days, the system of planning requires computer resources with significant amount both in terms of data storage and in processing of time (Fujili 2016). Support: The personnel of company management should be able to assist the scheme ongoing basis. This normally includes collecting and entering various data and information as well as scheme system updating (Melewar, Gambetti and Martin 2014). The burden of support must be in low rate to avoid the lack of system reporting simplifying assumptions. If the system does not maintained and modified; it results a fall in the disrepair state (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). All the necessary factors mentioned above, is very important for considering and specifying the features and structures of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system. Identification of the data that must be incorporated into Citizens Gas Company (CGC) system to provide the adequate planning capability and explanation of each data item usefulness level The identification of the information and the data that may be adopted into company system to provide the appropriate capability of planning includes some major points highlighted below by the researcher. The researcher has explained each and every point with detailed specifications in context of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) management; it generally includes: number of customers, data of weather, factors of heating, forecasting of sales, unit demand of the customer, structure of customer rate, terms of suppliers contract, capacity of storage field and system of priority (Power, Sharda and Burstein 2015). Number of customers: In Citizens Gas Company (CGC) the number of customer plays a vital role in shaping the need of an organizational management. The number of customer must be accountable and projectable in each and every month; unless and until the growth of customer become regular. The base of a consumer count must be use in growth factor of conjunction (Carroll 2015). The company must be accustomed that the count of customer must be broken into categories based on the facilitation of the existing demand (commercial, residential, non heating commercial, non heating industrial) (Agrawal and Cooper 2016). Data of weather: The data that is required for heating must be entered by following a certain process. For the first year, the metrological trends results a cold or warm year. From the consecutive years, the calculation of data weather must be used by an organizational management (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). As the year passes, the short term forecasts and long term forecasts should be entered strictly to impoverish the capability of predictability of the organization planning system (Turker and Altuntas 2014). Factors of heating: The factor of heating generally implies the conversion of data weather to demand of consumer. They must be provided for each and every type of consumer which uses the concept of heating (residential heating, industrial heating and commercial heating) (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). Forecasting of sales: The top and the foremost industrial accounts must be forecast individually in monthly five year plan segmentation. The segregation of non heating and heating sales for several consumers must be projected by the class of company revenue (Shapiro and Varian 2013). Figure 2: Identification and Incorporation of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system (Source: Liu and Wang 2014, pp-1505) Unit demand of the customer: According to the researcher, the consumption in monthly basis for industrial and commercial consumer may be provided in a variable and constant time; to reflect and highlights the fluctuations of company long term trends. These consumer data and information should be used to accumulate he entire portion of non heating industrial and commercial consumer demand. Structure of customer rate: The rate of customer must provide the information of monthly rate consummation at the level of revenue class (commercial, industrial and residential). The information must be on monthly basis to generate scheduled change of rate by company revenue class (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). Terms of suppliers contract: For each contract of different suppliers in gas industry the term of contract (starting and the end dates), cost of unit, and monthly volumes conditions may be maintained by an organizational management of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) (Chen, Ye and Yi 2013). Capacity of storage field: The capacity of the gas storage field is needed for determination (Bajdor and Grabara 2014). If the remaining gas is in storage; it can be easily withdrawn via gas supplement supply of pipeline. System of priority: A perfect priority system is provided that need to be establish in case where the organization needs to adhere the service due to the inappropriate gas supply (Osterle 2013). The above five factors are very important for determination of gas demand. The further next points are crucial for supply determination. The successive of last points are necessary to meet inappropriate demand (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). The valuable data must be considered on a monthly basis because of the certain fluctuation of demand and supply in industry. Class Customers Sales in Cubic Feet Revenues Residential 160,000 80 billion $160 million Commercial 38,000 15 billion $ 25 million Industrial 2,000 50 billion $ 65 million Totals 145 billion $250 million Figure 3: Financial data of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system (Source: Turker and Altuntas 2014, pp-840) The above details of Citizen Gas Company (Citizens Gas Company (CGC) have been segregated into three general sectors (residential, commercial and industrial customers). The number of customers have been serially personalised by sales and revenue segmentation (Carroll 2015). The number of customers in residential area avails more service as compared to commercial and industrial area (Podnar and Balmer 2013). The sales and he revenue sectors also get fluctuated by number of customer generalisations. In recent years, the company is not being able to establish the long term contracts. The customer demand is totally dependent to a number of customers (as specified above) (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). To overcome the issue; the company hired a director of corporate planning to make the systemization in monthly gas plan during the year; and increase the operating incomes of a company management. The researcher has discussed these company outcomes as per the required specification (as mentioned above). Explanation of necessary diagrams and tables of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) company The researcher has maintained and manipulated certain data assumptions and consequences relating to the concept. Based on the above scenario of gas company Citizens Gas Company (CGC) data and information, the following graphs are being drawn. Figure 4: Strategically data of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system (1) (Source: Created by author) The above graph shows that the reserves to production ratio are the key indicators of the oil as well as gas industry. The diagram shows the total production of oil based on the last four years from the year mid of 2012 to 2015 (Fujili 2016). It shows the ratio of the oil reserves to the production of the Citizens Gas Company. From the above graph, it is been analyzed that the production of the oil increases after the duration of 6 months (Turner 2014). It shows the reserve to production ratio of the oil. The reserve portion shows the ratio of the total amount of the resources that are to be known to exist within an area as well as it is economically recoverable. In the year 2013, it is seen that the production portion of the oil is approximately 1000; it is the amount of the resources that are produced in one year at the current rate (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). From the graph, it is been analyzed that the production of oil increases that will continue to produce well in the future. The ration of the production to reserves misleads to the average person that are being expressed on the year basis. In the year 2014, the production of the oil remains same. But in the year 2015, the production of the oil increases to approximately 1200 (Turker and Altuntas 2014). The fact is that from the production rate, it is not to be assumed that in the next year, the production of the oil will increase. It can be possible that it can run out suddenly, therefore the production will decline to zero (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). The resources show an increase into the rate of production, until it reaches its peaks. Then after reaching the peak, the production declines, therefore it enters into the declining phase. The magnitude of the reserve production ratio is to be related to the annual rate of the production (Carroll 2015). Figure 5: Strategically data of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system (2) (Source: Created by author) The above graph shows the total production of gas based on the three four years from the year 2013 to 2015. It shows the ratio of the gas reserves to the production of the Citizens Gas Company. From the above graph, it is been analyzed that the production of the gas increases after the duration of one year. In the year 2013, the total production of the gas is between 600 to 800 (Shapiro and Varian 2013). The magnitude of the reserve to production ratio is mainly related to the annual rate of the production of the gas. It also depends on the geographical features. If it contains varieties of alternatives evaluation then the concept of online system is more efficient and desirable. The burden of support must be in low rate to avoid the lack of system reporting simplifying assumptions. The data that is required for heating must be entered by following a certain process. The further next points are crucial for supply determination. As the governmental policies are the slow production, therefore there is an increase in the reserve to production ratio prolongs towards the reserve life. The Citizens Gas Company injects the gas to increase their production (Davenport 2013). Due to decrease in the reserve to production ratio, there is an increase in the production that comes from the expense of decreasing the reserve life. In the year 2014, it remains same. Finally, in the year 2015, it increases to 800-1000. Due to change in the technology, there is economic changes that are altering the ratio within short period of time. The factors that can influence the estimation of the reserve are defined as optimism (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). As the consumption of the resources are not constant, but sometimes it is typically increases due to growth of the population. It is seen that may be in the next year, the production rate of the gas decrease, it is possible and then the production will become zero. Due to d ecline into the production of the gas, it declines into the phase of declination. The non-constant values of the production ratio implies that there many be an overestimation as well as underestimation of the reserve life (Chen, Ye and Yi 2013). Conclusion The entire assignment concludes with the broad concept of gas industry associated with the name of the company as Citizens Gas Company (CGC). The researcher has highlighted and reflected several intellectual insights based on organizational management. The company has hired the manager to make succeed in the plan of corporate planning and to make certain assumptions that the company has faced recently. On the basis of company financial performance the company is not being able to articulate the basements of several customers at a glance. The researcher has maintained and manipulated certain concepts of gas industry by identification of the data that should be incorporated into Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system to provide adequate planning capability and the criteria to consider in specifying the structure and features of Citizens Gas Company (CGC) new system has been sorely explained below it necessary diagram and figures. Varieties of diagrams are illustrated above with respect to company management financial data and fiscal data. The pin point answer has also been answered by the researcher with context to customer data and information. It is very important to adopt and implement new and advance system technology in a company management to make ensure the possibilities of the future outcomes. There is various identification of the data in the company; that must be implemented in Citizens Gas Company (CGC) with adequate corporate planning system has also been reflected and highlighted by the researcher. 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